An integrated solar heat pump system for cooling, water heating and drying
An integrated solar-assisted heat pump system for space cooling, water heating and drying is considered for the tropics. This system can perform three functions simultaneously or independently. Instead of releasing air con waste heat to the environment, it is used in combination with solar and ambient energy for water heating and drying purposes, particularly for hotels and hospitals. Significant portion of the energy requirements is met by the energy collected from sun. Together with the thermal energy recovered from the vapour compression heat-pump, the system functions efficiently. An inexpensive unglazed evaporator-collector made of copper absorber plate and serpentine tubes, through which refrigerant R-134a is allowed to flow, is one of the salient components of the system. The evaporator is mounted in a room for cooling purposes. One of the two condensers serves as a water heater and the other for heating the air to the required temperature for drying purposes. A system has been fabricated and installed on the rooftop of a 4-storey building located at the National University of Singapore. A series of experiments were performed under the meteorological conditions of Singapore using different combinations of the three applications. Experimental results show coefficient of performance (COP) of 6.0 and a solar fraction of 0.8 for the system. An economic analysis shows a payback period of less than 5 years, where the system is designed for a life span of 20 years. The system is considered environment friendly and show good potential for application in a tropical set up.